Using monoclonal antibody targeting the conserved Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein as a prophylaxis for malaria
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on May 22nd, 2024
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Currently, the World Health Organization has issued recommendations for two types of malaria vaccines - RTS,S/AS01 and R21/ Matrix-M - for pediatric usage. In addition, chemoprophylaxis is recommended for infants and children with severe anemia. CIS43LS is a monoclonal antibody that can bind to the conserved Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein and neutralize the parasite. Previous studies had shown that CIS43LS has a high efficacy in preventing infection in adults. Thus, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease had sponsored a study to assess the efficacy of CIS43LS in preventing malaria in children.
The phase 2 clinical trial was performed in Mali, and it included 225 children between the age of 6 and 10 years old. The children were randomly assigned to receive subcutaneous injection with the placebo or the L9LS monoclonal antibody at 150 mg and 300 mg every 2 weeks. After 24 weeks, the blood smear showed that 81% of the placebo group was infected with Plasmodium falciparum which is significantly higher than those who received the 150-mg and 300-mg L9LS formulation, which was 48% and 40% respectively. Clinically, the efficacy of L9LS in preventing symptomatic malaria was 67% in the 150-mg formula and 77% in the 300-mg formula. In terms of drug safety, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of pain, fever, and other adverse effects between the two dose levels and the placebo.
The phase 2 clinical trial was performed in Mali, and it included 225 children between the age of 6 and 10 years old. The children were randomly assigned to receive subcutaneous injection with the placebo or the L9LS monoclonal antibody at 150 mg and 300 mg every 2 weeks. After 24 weeks, the blood smear showed that 81% of the placebo group was infected with Plasmodium falciparum which is significantly higher than those who received the 150-mg and 300-mg L9LS formulation, which was 48% and 40% respectively. Clinically, the efficacy of L9LS in preventing symptomatic malaria was 67% in the 150-mg formula and 77% in the 300-mg formula. In terms of drug safety, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of pain, fever, and other adverse effects between the two dose levels and the placebo.