Comparing the Efficacy of Enzalutamide, Leuprolide, and Their Combination in Treating Biochemical Recurrent Prostate Cancer
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on November 6th, 2023
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Previous surveillance studies had observed that disease recurrence occurs in approximately 50% of prostate cancer patients who received chemotherapy. This disease recurrence is characterized by an increase in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, and the degree of increase is inversely associated with survival. To address this issue, a study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Enzalutamide, an androgen receptor inhibitor, and Leuprolide, a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, in treating recurrent prostate cancer.
The phase 3 clinical trial involved 1068 patients with an average age of 70 years. These patients had a median PSA level of around 5.0 ng/mL. They were randomly assigned to receive treatment with Enzalutamide, Leuprolide, or a combination of both. Enzalutamide was administered orally once a day at a dose of 160 mg, while Leuprolide was administered via intramuscular or subcutaneous injection at a dose of 22.5 mg every 12 weeks. After 5 years of treatment, the study revealed that Leuprolide prevented metastasis in 71.4% of patients, while Enzalutamide prevented metastasis in 80% of patients. The combination therapy of both treatments was the most effective, preventing metastasis in 87.4% of patients. Therefore, the researchers concluded that both combination therapy and Enzalutamide monotherapy were superior to the use of Leuprolide alone. The study also found no significant difference in adverse effects among the three groups.
The phase 3 clinical trial involved 1068 patients with an average age of 70 years. These patients had a median PSA level of around 5.0 ng/mL. They were randomly assigned to receive treatment with Enzalutamide, Leuprolide, or a combination of both. Enzalutamide was administered orally once a day at a dose of 160 mg, while Leuprolide was administered via intramuscular or subcutaneous injection at a dose of 22.5 mg every 12 weeks. After 5 years of treatment, the study revealed that Leuprolide prevented metastasis in 71.4% of patients, while Enzalutamide prevented metastasis in 80% of patients. The combination therapy of both treatments was the most effective, preventing metastasis in 87.4% of patients. Therefore, the researchers concluded that both combination therapy and Enzalutamide monotherapy were superior to the use of Leuprolide alone. The study also found no significant difference in adverse effects among the three groups.