Using Vorasidenib to treat low grade glioma brain tumor with isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on September 11th, 2023
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Most malignant brain tumors in adults are gliomas, and nearly all of them have mutations to the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gene. These mutated IDH lead to the accumulation of 2-hydroxyglutarate that can disrupt the process of DNA hydroxymethylation and gene expression in glioma tissue. Vorasidenib is a molecule that can cross the blood-brain barrier and inhibit the mutated version of IDH; thus, a study was conducted to assess its effect on malignant glioma tumor tissues.
The phase 3 clinical trial included 331 patients - with an average age of 40 years old - who were diagnosed with low grade 2 tumors of oligodendroglioma and astrocytoma with IDH mutations using the WHO 2016 criteria. These participants were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or 40 mg of oral Vorasidenib once per day. After a median follow-up period of 14.2 months, the researchers observed that median progression-free survival duration of those treated with Vorasidenib was 27.7 months, which is significantly higher than the 11.1 months of those treated with placebo. Disease progression was imaged using MRI scan and quantified using the “Response Assessment for Neuro-Oncology for Low-Grade Glioma” criteria. Composed with recorded mortality information, the researchers noted that Vorasidenib reduced the risk of disease progression and death by 61%. In terms of toxicity, those treated with Vorasidenib reported more incidence of severe grade 3 adverse events in the form of increased serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase concentration than those in the placebo group.
The phase 3 clinical trial included 331 patients - with an average age of 40 years old - who were diagnosed with low grade 2 tumors of oligodendroglioma and astrocytoma with IDH mutations using the WHO 2016 criteria. These participants were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or 40 mg of oral Vorasidenib once per day. After a median follow-up period of 14.2 months, the researchers observed that median progression-free survival duration of those treated with Vorasidenib was 27.7 months, which is significantly higher than the 11.1 months of those treated with placebo. Disease progression was imaged using MRI scan and quantified using the “Response Assessment for Neuro-Oncology for Low-Grade Glioma” criteria. Composed with recorded mortality information, the researchers noted that Vorasidenib reduced the risk of disease progression and death by 61%. In terms of toxicity, those treated with Vorasidenib reported more incidence of severe grade 3 adverse events in the form of increased serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase concentration than those in the placebo group.