The clinical effect of Axicabtagene Ciloleucel CAR T-cells in treating Large B-Cell Lymphoma
|
Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A. |
Posted on August 16th, 2023
|
High-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (HDT-ASCT) is the first-line treatment for large B-cell lymphoma. However, only half of all patients are eligible for this treatment approach. And for those who are treated with HDT-ASCT, the cured rate is only 20%. For patients who cannot receive this treatment, the median survival time is only 4.4 months. Axicabtagene ciloleucel, is a novel therapy option that had shown promising results in early trials, so a study was performed to assess its potential usage to treat large B-cell lymphoma.
Axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) is a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells that can bind to the CD-19 receptors that are exclusively expressed in B-cells. This interaction leads to the neutralization of the target cells. Approximately half of the 359 patients included in the phase 3 clinical trial were randomly assigned to be treated with axi-cel. The remaining study participants were given between two to three cycles of chemoimmunotherapy followed by HDT-ASCT. These participants were followed up for a median duration of 47.2 months. The researchers concluded that the 4-year survival rate of patients treated with Axicabtagene ciloleucel was 54.6%; this is significantly higher than the 46% observed in the control group. In addition to reducing the mortality, analysis showed that axi-cel enhances the duration of progression-free survival time. Besides the clinical benefits of axi-cel, healthcare providers should take into consideration the higher risk of infection due to the immunosuppressive cause by the neutralization of B-cells by the CAR T-cell.
Axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) is a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells that can bind to the CD-19 receptors that are exclusively expressed in B-cells. This interaction leads to the neutralization of the target cells. Approximately half of the 359 patients included in the phase 3 clinical trial were randomly assigned to be treated with axi-cel. The remaining study participants were given between two to three cycles of chemoimmunotherapy followed by HDT-ASCT. These participants were followed up for a median duration of 47.2 months. The researchers concluded that the 4-year survival rate of patients treated with Axicabtagene ciloleucel was 54.6%; this is significantly higher than the 46% observed in the control group. In addition to reducing the mortality, analysis showed that axi-cel enhances the duration of progression-free survival time. Besides the clinical benefits of axi-cel, healthcare providers should take into consideration the higher risk of infection due to the immunosuppressive cause by the neutralization of B-cells by the CAR T-cell.