RSVPreF3 OA, a novel vaccine to prevent respiratory syncytial virus infection
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on February 20th, 2023
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Annually, many elderly people experience severe and lethal infection with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). There is currently no available vaccine to prevent this infection; thus, the pharmaceutical company GlaxoSmithKline had created one that targets the F glycoprotein on RSV. This structure is essential for viral binding and cell entry, so the study theorized that the AS01E-adjuvanted RSV prefusion F protein–based candidate vaccine (RSVPreF3 OA) can be effective at preventing RSV infection.
The phase 3 clinical trial included 24,966 elderly people above the age of 60 years old. Half of them received placebo, and the other half received a single dose of RSVPreF3 OA containing 120 micrograms of antigen. After 30 days post vaccination, the patients were followed up every 2 weeks, and any symptoms that might be indicative of RSV infection would be confirmed with an RT-PCR test. After the surveillance duration, the study concluded that the RSVPreF3 OA vaccine helped prevent 82.6% of all RSV infection of the lower respiratory tract, and against 94.1% of severe infection. Comparison between the subtypes showed that the vaccine was equally effective at preventing RSV A and RSV B. The treatment group reported a higher incidence of injection site discomfort and systemic reaction in the form of fever, headache, etc. However, most of the adverse effects are mild and can be resolved in a short period of time.
The phase 3 clinical trial included 24,966 elderly people above the age of 60 years old. Half of them received placebo, and the other half received a single dose of RSVPreF3 OA containing 120 micrograms of antigen. After 30 days post vaccination, the patients were followed up every 2 weeks, and any symptoms that might be indicative of RSV infection would be confirmed with an RT-PCR test. After the surveillance duration, the study concluded that the RSVPreF3 OA vaccine helped prevent 82.6% of all RSV infection of the lower respiratory tract, and against 94.1% of severe infection. Comparison between the subtypes showed that the vaccine was equally effective at preventing RSV A and RSV B. The treatment group reported a higher incidence of injection site discomfort and systemic reaction in the form of fever, headache, etc. However, most of the adverse effects are mild and can be resolved in a short period of time.