Supplementation of Vitamin D3 and Calcium Carbonate to Improve Bone Density Development of Adolescent Living with HIV
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Reviewed & Translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on April 3rd, 2026
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With the mass adoption of antiretroviral therapy in developing nations, the mortality rate in adolescents due to HIV infection had significantly decreased. However, adolescents affected HIV still experience detrimental suppression of musculoskeletal growth and development. A study, recently published in the Lancet, had examined the usage of calcium carbonate and vitamin D supplementation to enhance bone health in adolescents living with HIV.
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Addition of Golimumab to Methotrexate/Corticosteroids to Manage Psoriatic Arthritis
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on December 22nd, 2025
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Patients with a history of skin psoriasis had a higher risk of developing psoriatic arthritis in the future. The current standard treatment regimen is a combination of corticosteroid, methotrexate, and biologic drug inhibiting the inflammatory pathway. Due to the higher cost of the biologic agents, it is frequently unavailable in developing countries. With funding from Janssen, a study was conducted to investigate the clinical effect of golimumab in treating psoriatic arthritis.
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Pain Management with Dexmedetomidine in Patients with Traumatic Rib Fractures
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on December 5th, 2025
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Pain control in patients with traumatic rib fractures is difficult to achieve. Common options such as acetaminophen, NSAIDs, and muscle relaxants often provide insufficient relief, while stronger agents like opioids carry risks of addiction and respiratory depression. To explore alternative strategies, researchers at the University of California conducted a study evaluating dexmedetomidine for pain management in this population.
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Addition of Vitamin B to Dexketoprofen to Manage Cervical Muscle Sprain Pain
Topic: ORTHOPEDIC
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on November 14th, 2025
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Cervical muscle pain is commonly treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and muscle relaxants; however, these therapies often provide limited relief and are associated with considerable adverse effects. To identify alternative treatment options, the pharmaceutical company, Laboratorios Silanes, funded a study investigating the potential benefit of adding a vitamin B complex supplement to dexketoprofen therapy.
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Prednisone Therapy to Manage Pain & Improve Function in Patients with Acute Lumbar Radiculopathy
Topic: ORTHOPEDIC
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on November 12th, 2025
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Acute lumbar radiculopathy is a common condition that will affect around 10% of the population at least once throughout their lifetime. Spontaneous recovery can happen, but the affected person can experience significant pain and disability. More invasive treatment such as disketomy or epidural steroid injections can be utilized, but they are associated with significant challenges. With funding from the US National Institutes of Health, a study was conducted to examine the usage of oral steroids to manage lumbar radiculopathy.
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Risk of Heart Failure in Pregabalin and Gabapentin Usage
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on September 5th, 2025
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Pregabalin and gabapentin are frequently used to manage chronic pain. These gabapentinoids are preferred over opioids due to the risk of addiction development. However, these medications are associated with risk of cardiovascular side effects, but there is still a lack of thorough understanding. With funding from the United States National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, a study was conducted to assess the cardiovascular risk of pregabalin and gabapentin usage.
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Long-Term Efficacy of Zoledronate in Reducing Fracture Risk and Improving Bone Density in Postmenopausal Women
Topic: ORTHOPEDIC
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on February 10th, 2025
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Bone density reduction is a common issue for women entering menopause, which increases the risk of fractures as they age. To reduce this risk, interventions aimed at preventing or slowing bone loss should be considered. A study funded by the Health Research Council of New Zealand investigated the effectiveness of zoledronate in reducing the risk of fractures in postmenopausal women.
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Evaluating the Effectiveness of Semaglutide in Managing Knee Osteoarthritis
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Reviewed & translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on December 13th, 2024
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Obesity greatly increases the risk of knee osteoarthritis due to the added pressure on the joint and the metabolic dysfunction that triggers inflammation. Previous research has shown that weight management interventions, such as calorie-restricted diets and bariatric surgery, can help reduce the severity of osteoarthritis. Semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist commonly used to treat diabetes, has demonstrated significant weight loss effects. As a result, a study funded by Novo Nordisk was conducted to evaluate the potential of using semaglutide to manage osteoarthritis.
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Comparing the Effectiveness of Hip Replacement Surgery and Resistance Training in Treating Severe Hip Osteoarthritis
Topic: ORTHOPEDIC
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on December 6th, 2024
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Hip osteoarthritis is a prevalent condition that leads to considerable disability and health-related burdens for those affected. Hip replacement surgery is performed in approximately 10% of osteoarthritis cases in Europe and Australia, leading to significant improvements in quality of life. However, the effectiveness of nonsurgical treatments, such as resistance training, remains poorly understood. To address this, the Danish Rheumatism Association sponsored a study to compare the effectiveness of resistance training with hip replacement surgery in patients with osteoarthritis.
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Impact of Tourniquet Use on Cefazolin Efficacy in Total Knee Arthroplasty
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Reviewed & translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on September 30th, 2024
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Surgical site infections are a significant complication often seen in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. To prevent infections caused by bacterial pathogens such as Staphylococcus and Streptococcus, cefazolin is commonly administered intravenously before surgery. However, the use of a tourniquet, which helps improve bone cementing during the procedure, can restrict blood flow and potentially reduce the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis. To investigate the impact of tourniquet application on the efficacy of antibiotics, a team of researchers from McGill University conducted a study.
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Supplementation of Krill Oil in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis
Topic: ORTHOPEDIC
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on June 21st, 2024
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Previous study had found that the supplementation of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid can reduce inflammation. Compared to normal fishes, oil from Antarctic krill has a higher concentration of omega-3 fatty acids and it also contains astaxanthin, an antioxidant that can further reduce inflammation. Therefore, the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia had sponsored a study to examine the effectiveness of krill oil in reducing inflammation and improving the health of patients living with knee osteoarthritis.
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Comparing Baricitinib to Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor in Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis
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Reviewed & translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on August 5th, 2024
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Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors and Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitors are commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis; however, TNF inhibitors are often preferred due to their greater availability and lower cost. Consequently, the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology endorses the use of TNFi before considering JAK inhibitors. Despite this, JAK inhibitors like baricitinib offer clinical advantages, including a shorter half-life and more convenient administration. To explore these benefits, Eli Lilly sponsored a study comparing baricitinib to TNF inhibitors in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Using Vosoritide to Treat Hypochondroplasia by Inhibiting the Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3 Signaling Pathway
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on May 24th, 2024
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Hypochondroplasia is hallmarked by the over-activation of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) which disrupts endochondral ossification. Vosoritide is an analogue of c-type natriuretic peptide that can bind to and inhibit the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway downstream from FGFR3 activation. A study recently published on the Lancet had investigated the effect of Vosoritide on treating hypochondroplasia.
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Optimal Antiseptic for Preoperative Skin Preparation in Orthopedic Surgeries
Topic: ORTHOPEDIC
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Reviewed & translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on March 20th, 2024
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There exists uncertainty regarding the optimal antiseptic for preoperative skin preparation in orthopedic surgeries aimed at correcting fractures. Commonly utilized agents include alcohol, chlorhexidine, and iodophor. However, variations among facilities exist in terms of concentrations, compositions, and solution types of these antiseptic agents. Consequently, a study was undertaken to ascertain the most effective antiseptic for preventing surgical site infections.
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Testosterone Treatment and Fracture Risk in Hypogonadal Men
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on March 11th, 2024
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Male hypogonadism, in the form of testicular or pituitary dysfunction, is linked to decreased bone density. Previous research indicated that testosterone therapy could potentially reverse this bone loss. However, the earlier study had limitations in duration and sample size. Therefore, a clinical study was initiated to evaluate the efficacy of testosterone in preventing fractures among men with hypogonadism.
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Adding Vancomycin to the Antimicrobial Prophylaxis Regimen of Cefazolin for patients undergone Arthroplasty
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on November 8th, 2023
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Arthroplasty surgeries to replace or modify knee and hip joints are increasingly common as the population ages. During arthroplasty, first and second cephalosporins, such as cefazolin, are often used to prevent infections. However, with the rise of nosocomial infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), there is a need for more effective prophylaxis. To address this concern, the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council sponsored a study to assess the effectiveness of adding vancomycin to the prophylaxis regimen for patients undergoing arthroplasty surgery.
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Comparing Esketamine and Quetiapine in Treating Treatment-Resistant Depression
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Reviewed & translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on October 25th, 2023
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Polymyalgia rheumatica, an autoimmune disease primarily affecting individuals over 50 years old, has its root in inflammation triggered by interleukin-6 (IL-6). Current treatment relies on glucocorticoids like prednisone and immunosuppressants such as methotrexate, but these approaches come with side effects and do not offer lasting remission. To address this, a study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of Sarilumab, an antibody capable of binding to IL-6 receptors, in the treatment of polymyalgia rheumatica.
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Oral Vitamin D supplementation in infants born with low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on June 26th, 2023
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Maternal-fetal transfer of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) is an important factor for bone development in the neonates. Thus, a low maternal level of 25[OH]D can lead to vitamin D deficiency and has a negative effect on bone health. Thus, a study examined the potential benefits of vitamin D supplementation to children whose serum 25[OH]D level is low.
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Oral Vitamin D supplementation in infants born with low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le |
Posted on June 26th, 2023
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Maternal-fetal transfer of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) is an important factor for bone development in the neonates. Thus, a low maternal level of 25[OH]D can lead to vitamin D deficiency and has a negative effect on bone health. Thus, a study examined the potential benefits of vitamin D supplementation to children whose serum 25[OH]D level is low.
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Treating rheumatoid arthritis with the monoclonal antibody peresolimab
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le |
Posted on June 19th, 2023
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Rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by an unregulated inflammatory response against tissues in the joints. Thus, rheumatoid arthritis can be managed by inhibiting these autoimmune cells. PD-1 is a receptor expressed by many lymphocytes; its activation would inhibit the cell’s activation. Thus, the pharmaceutical company Eli Lilly, had sponsored a study to investigate the usage of peresolimab, an antibody that can stimulate PD-1, to treat rheumatoid arthritis.
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Reduce the risk of nonvertebral fracture in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis by using strontium ranelate
Topic: ORTHOPEDIC
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by An Duc Thien Le |
Posted on April 5th, 2023
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Strontium ranelate can act on osteoblasts to enhance the efficiency of the bone formation process and inhibits the resorption process of osteoblasts. Thus, the agent had been used to manage osteoporosis. A study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism had assessed the effectiveness of strontium ranelate in preventing fractures in patients with osteoporosis.
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Reduce the incidence of bone fracture in women with osteopenia with zoledronate
Topic: ORTHOPEDIC
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by An Duc Thien Le |
Posted on March 29th, 2023
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Bisphosphonate, such as zoledronate, is widely used to prevent fractures in those who are experiencing osteoporosis by disrupting the bone resorption process of osteoclasts. Thus, it is possible that bisphosphonate can slow down the rate of bone degradation in patients with osteopenia. Thus, the Health Research Council of New Zealand had sponsored a study, with medication provided by Novartis, to investigate the possible usage of zoledronate to prevent fractures in patients with osteopenia.
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Comparing the usage of aspirin and heparin in preventing blood clot in patient who had experienced fracture
Topic: ORTHOPEDIC
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on January 27th, 2023
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Patients who had suffered an orthopedic trauma experienced an increased risk of venous thromboembolism. Low-molecular-weight heparin is recommended as prophylaxis to prevent blood clot for patients who have had a fracture. A recent study found that aspirin can also be used as an effective thromboprophylaxis with less adverse effects. But there has not been any direct comparison between heparin and aspirin in preventing blood clot. The Major Extremity Trauma Research Consortium (METRC) had recently published their findings on the effectiveness of aspirin versus heparin.
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Kisspeptin is a promising therapy for osteoporosis in men
TOPIC: ORTHOPEDIC
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on November 7th, 2022
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Human bone constantly undergoes a process of formation and resorption. Disruption to this homeostasis is the pathophysiological cause behind osteoporosis. Thus, agents which inhibit the process of bone resorption carried out by osteoclasts can potentially be used to slow down the process of bone loss and prevent osteoporosis. A recent study had reported that kisspeptins can act on osteoclasts, reducing the resorption efficiency; thus, it can potentially be used to treat osteoporosis.
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The effectiveness of Olokizumab in treating rheumatoid arthritis
Topic: ORTHOPEDICS
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on September 2nd, 2022
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Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation with a hallmark of elevated IL-6 level. Some of the current treatment aims to block the IL-6 receptor on immune cells to reduce their activity; however, there has not been any agent, which targets the IL-6 ligand, approved for usage. Olokizumab, an antibody that targets 1 of the 3 epitopes expressed by the IL-6 ligand, had its effectiveness and safety assessed and reported in this study.
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Denosumab, at Half the Recommended Dose, Appears to Maintain Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis
TOPIC: ORTHOPEDIC
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on August 12th, 2022
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Denosumab is frequently prescribed to manage osteoporosis, because it can inhibit the development of osteoclast cells; as a result, the medication can reduce the rate of bone loss. It is recommended by the Endocrine Society that postmenopausal women with high risk of fracture should receive 60 mg of Denosumab subcutaneously every 6 months. A recent study reported that dose reduction from 60 mg to 30 mg does not result in exacerbation of osteoporosis.
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The effect of Vitamin D3 supplement on the risk of bone fracture in older adults
TOPIC: Orthopedic
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on July 25th, 2022
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Vitamin D is frequently taken as a supplement by many Vietnamese in order to manage and prevent many age-related musculoskeletal conditions and injury such as osteoporosis and bone fracture. However, a study recently published in the New England Journal of Medicine reported that Vitamin D3 supplement has no benefit in reducing the risk of bone fracture in older adults.
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