Digoxin Improves Heart Failure Outcomes in Patients with Rheumatic Heart Disease
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Reviewed & Translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on June 12th, 2026
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Rheumatic heart disease remains a major public health challenge in many low- and middle-income countries, particularly among young and middle-aged adults. The condition is a leading cause of heart failure and contributes substantially to cardiovascular mortality. Digoxin has long been used in the management of heart failure and atrial fibrillation, prompting researchers to investigate its role in patients with rheumatic heart disease. A recent study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association evaluated the effectiveness of digoxin in this population.
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Tirofiban Plus Tenecteplase for Acute Ischemic Stroke Recovery
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Reviewed & Translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on May 22nd, 2026
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Rapid restoration of blood flow is critical in patients hospitalized with ischemic stroke. Among thrombolytic therapies, recent studies have suggested that tenecteplase may provide better outcomes than alteplase. However, many patients still experience poor neurologic recovery despite successful thrombolysis. A recent study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association evaluated whether adding tirofiban, an antiplatelet agent, after tenecteplase treatment could further improve recovery after ischemic stroke.
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Asundexian Reduces Recurrent Ischemic Stroke Without Increasing Major Bleeding Risk
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Reviewed & Translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on May 11th, 2026
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Recurrent stroke remains a major concern after an initial ischemic event, with approximately 5% of patients experiencing another stroke within one year despite secondary prevention strategies. Current treatment guidelines recommend short-term dual antiplatelet therapy for minor ischemic stroke, followed by long-term single antiplatelet therapy after moderate to severe events. However, prolonged antiplatelet use is associated with an increased risk of bleeding complications. A recent study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, evaluated whether asundexian, a factor XI inhibitor, could reduce recurrent ischemic stroke while minimizing hemorrhagic risk.
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Reassessing Beta-Blocker Therapy After Myocardial Infarction in the Modern Era
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed & Translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on April 29th, 2026
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Beta-blockers have been a cornerstone of post–myocardial infarction management for decades. However, with the widespread use of contemporary preventive therapies and advanced revascularization techniques, their continued necessity in certain patient populations has come into question. Given the potential for adverse effects with any long-term medication, it is important to evaluate whether ongoing beta-blocker therapy remains beneficial. A recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine examined the impact of continuing versus discontinuing beta-blockers after myocardial infarction.
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Evolocumab for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Patients without Atherosclerosis
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed & Translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on April 15th, 2026
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Previous studies have established that lowering low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol reduces the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events in patients with a history of myocardial infarction or stroke. However, the benefit of intensive LDL-lowering therapy in individuals without established atherosclerosis or diabetes remains uncertain. A recent study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association evaluated whether evolocumab could reduce the risk of a first major cardiovascular event in this lower-risk population.
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Bleeding Risk Comparison Between Apixaban and Rivaroxaban in Patients with Venous Thromboembolism
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed & Translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on April 8th, 2026
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Venous thromboembolism is a common cardiovascular condition that can have detrimental complications. Medications such as apixaban and rivaroxaban can be used to treat the condition and prevent recurrence. Both agents work by binding to the clotting factor Xa; this would prevent it from catalyzing the creation of thrombin needed for blood clotting. Because of this anticoagulant effect, a study, recently published in the New England Journal of Medicine, was conducted to compare the risk of bleeding between apixaban and rivaroxaban.
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Enlicitide and PCSK9 Inhibition for Long-Term LDL Cholesterol Reduction
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed & Translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on March 13th, 2026
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Effective control of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is central to preventing atherosclerosis and its downstream cardiovascular complications. PCSK9 plays a key role in LDL metabolism by binding to LDL receptors and promoting their degradation within hepatocytes, thereby limiting LDL clearance from the circulation. Enlicitide is a novel agent that disrupts the interaction between PCSK9 and the LDL receptor, preserving receptor availability on hepatocytes and enhancing removal of LDL cholesterol from the bloodstream. A recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine evaluated the efficacy of enlicitide in lowering LDL cholesterol levels.
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Treating Acute Central Retinal Artery Occlusion with Tenecteplase
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed & Translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on March 9th, 2026
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Obstruction of the central retinal artery by a thrombus abruptly disrupts ocular blood flow, leading to ischemic injury of the retina and, if left untreated, permanent vision loss. Despite the severity of this condition, no intervention has consistently demonstrated clinical benefit. Although thrombolytic therapy is well established in the management of acute ischemic stroke, its effectiveness in central retinal artery occlusion remains uncertain. To assess whether stroke-based thrombolytic strategies could be applied to ocular ischemia, a study was conducted to evaluate the use of tenecteplase in patients with acute central retinal artery occlusion.
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Targeting Apolipoprotein C-III with Olezarsen to Reduce Triglycerides and Prevent Acute Pancreatitis
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Reviewed & Translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on March 6th, 2026
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Severe hypertriglyceridemia is a well-established risk factor for acute pancreatitis, a condition associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Consequently, therapies that lower serum triglyceride levels, such as fibrates, are commonly used to reduce pancreatic complications. A recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine evaluated the efficacy and safety of olezarsen, a novel agent targeting apolipoprotein C-III, in lowering triglyceride levels and preventing pancreatitis.
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Manage LDL Cholesterol Level with Evolocumab to Prevent Severe Cardiovascular Outcome
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Reviewed & Translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on February 6th, 2026
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Elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol promote plaque formation along the vascular endothelium, leading to luminal narrowing and impaired blood flow. This process substantially increases the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. With funding from Amgen, a large clinical study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of evolocumab in preventing major cardiovascular outcomes.
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Tirzepatide versus Dulaglutide in Preventing Cardiovascular Disease
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on January 26th, 2026
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Usage of GLP-1 agonists had become very common as a means to control body weight, manage diabetes, and prevent other obesity-related health complications. Some of these complications are cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke. With funding from Eli Lilly, a study was conducted to compare tirzepatide to dulaglutide in preventing cardiovascular disease.
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Inspecting the Aspirin plus Ticagrelor Combination in Preventing Cardiovascular Exacerbation in Patients Undergoing Coronary-Artery Bypass Grafting
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on January 14th, 2026
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In many countries, long-term aspirin therapy is routinely recommended for patients who have undergone coronary-artery bypass grafting. More recent guidelines have suggested adding a P2Y12 inhibitor to aspirin, although the evidence supporting this approach remains limited. To address this question, a study funded by the Swedish Research Council evaluated the cardiovascular benefits and risks of combining aspirin with ticagrelor in patients following CABG.
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Fish Oil Supplementation to Reduce Cardiovascular Event Risk in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis for End-Stage Kidney Disease
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on January 9th, 2026
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Previous study had found that individuals with a higher blood concentration of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids had a lower risk of cardiovascular diseases. Many of the patients undergoing hemodialysis for end-stage kidney disease also affected with cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, these patients have a lower n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids level than normal. With funding from the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, a study was conducted to evaluate the cardiovascular effect of fish oil supplementation in patients undergoing dialysis.
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Effectiveness of Beta Blockers in Preventing Cardiovascular Problems in Patients with a History of Myocardial Infarction
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on December 10th, 2025
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Beta blockers have long been prescribed to prevent recurrent myocardial infarction, largely because of their antiarrhythmic properties. However, much of the evidence supporting this practice comes from studies conducted more than 40 years ago-before the widespread use of contemporary coronary reperfusion therapy. Their benefit in patients with preserved or mildly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction also remains uncertain. To address this gap, a government-funded study in Norway evaluated the effectiveness of beta blockers in a modern clinical context.
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Prevent Stroke Recurrence in Diabetic Patients with Liraglutide
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on November 28th, 2025
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Individuals with diabetes face an elevated risk of ischemic stroke, and they are more likely to experience recurrent events. Prior research suggests that glycemic control alone-whether through insulin or sulfonylureas-does not fully account for this risk, indicating that additional mechanisms such as inflammation or insulin resistance may contribute to recurrence. With support from the Chinese government, researchers conducted a study to evaluate whether liraglutide could reduce the risk of stroke and transient ischemic attack in patients with diabetes.
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Using Sotatercept to Manage Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on November 21st, 2025
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Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by the narrowing of pulmonary blood vessels, which limits blood flow to the lungs and impairs gas exchange. Current treatment options offer only partial benefit and do not fully halt disease progression, morbidity, or mortality. Supported by Merck, a recent study investigated the potential of sotatercept as a novel therapy for managing PAH.
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Efficacy and Safety of Aspirin with Anticoagulant in Patients with High Risk of Thrombotic Events
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on November 19th, 2025
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Long-term anticoagulation therapy is commonly prescribed to prevent recurrent thrombotic events in patients with chronic coronary disease. While previous studies have shown that combining anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy increases bleeding risk, many of those trials were limited by a lack of blinding and the inclusion of predominantly low-risk patients. To address these limitations, a study funded by the French Ministry of Health and Bayer investigated whether adding aspirin to an anticoagulant regimen would provide additional benefits in patients at high risk of thrombotic events.
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Managing Treatment-Resistant Hypertension with Baxdrostat
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Reviewed & Translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on October 27th, 2025
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Elevated aldosterone level is associated with uncontrolled or treatmen-resistant hypertension. Baxdrostat is an aldosterone synthase inhibitor that has extensive biological functions due to the long half-life of 30 hours. The medication can reduce aldosterone level, which reduces sodium and water retention that causes the high blood pressure. With funding from AstraZeneca, a study was conducted to investigate the usage of baxdrostat in hard-to-treat hypertension cases.
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Managing Hypertriglyceridemia with Olezarsen, an Oligonucleotide Targeting Apolipoprotein C-III mRNA
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on October 22nd, 2025
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Apolipoprotein C-III (APOC3) inhibits triglyceride clearance by interfering with lipoprotein lipase activity. Olezarsen, an antisense oligonucleotide, targets and neutralizes APOC3 mRNA to enhance triglyceride metabolism. Supported by Ionis Pharmaceuticals, a study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of olezarsen in managing hypertriglyceridemia.
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Preventing Venous Thromboembolism with Apixaban in High-Risk Individuals
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on October 17th, 2025
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For patients with low risk venous thromboembolism provoked by cancer or thrombophilia, anticoagulants could be used for 3 months. However, it is currently unclear of the appropriate anticoagulant duration for low risk venous thromboembolism provoked by obesity, surgery, or immobility. With funding from Bristol-Myers Squibb & Pfizer, a study was implemented to determine the optimal schedule of apixaban to prevent transient provoked venous thromboembolism.
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Using Digitoxin to Manage Heart Failure Cases with Reduced Ejection Fraction
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on October 15th, 2025
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Cardiac glycosides such as digoxin are frequently prescribed to manage heart failure. However, previous studies have found digoxin to have limited effectiveness in managing heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Due to recent advancement in other cardiovascular therapy, the German government has sponsored a study to examine the usage of digitoxin to manage heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.
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Tirofiban as an Adjunct to Thrombolysis in Ischemic Stroke
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on October 13th, 2025
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For ischemic stroke, intravenous thrombolysis is recommended within 4.5 hours of onset. However, even with timely treatment, more than half of patients fail to regain full function. To increase treatment efficacy, the Chinese government funded a study to evaluate whether tirofiban could improve recovery outcomes when added to standard thrombolysis.
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Investigate the Cardiovascular Effects of Interleukin-17 Inhibitors
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on September 29th, 2025
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Previous research suggested a possible link between interleukin-17 (IL-17) inhibitor use in psoriasis and an increased risk of major cardiovascular events, potentially due to the role of IL-17 in collagen production. By lowering IL-17 levels, therapies targeting T-helper 17 cells may destabilize atherosclerotic plaques, increasing the risk of vascular blockage. To investigate this further, a study was funded by the French Society of Dermatology to examine the cardiovascular safety of IL-17 inhibitors.
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Risk of Heart Failure in Pregabalin and Gabapentin Usage
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on September 5th, 2025
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Pregabalin and gabapentin are frequently used to manage chronic pain. These gabapentinoids are preferred over opioids due to the risk of addiction development. However, these medications are associated with risk of cardiovascular side effects, but there is still a lack of thorough understanding. With funding from the United States National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, a study was conducted to assess the cardiovascular risk of pregabalin and gabapentin usage.
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Investigating the Link between Marijuana Usage and Cardiovascular Disease
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on August 29th, 2025
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With the usage of marijuana becoming more prevalent, it is important for healthcare professionals to understand the risk and benefits of the substance. There had been studies that linked easing anxiety, chronic pain, and others. However, there had also been others that found marijuana to increase the risk of other health conditions. To address this knowledge gap, the United States National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute had sponsored a study to investigate the association between marijuana and cardiovascular health.
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Tenecteplase Thrombolysis before Thrombectomy in Patients with Ischemic Stroke
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Reviewed & Translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on July 30th, 2025
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Intravenous thrombolysis before endovascular thrombectomy is associated with benefit in the form of enhancing perfusion but with the increased risk of hemorrhage. Several previous studies had found inconsistent results, but most of the studies were conducted with alteplase. With funding from the Chinese government, a study was conducted to assess the usage of tenecteplase before thrombectomy for stroke patients.
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Inhibiting HDL to LDL Conversion with Obicetrapib to Manage Hypercholesterolemia
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on July 23rd, 2025
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High serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level had been associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events. Treatment such as statin might not yield the needed degree of clinical improvement and dose escalation might be limited by side effects. With funding from New Amsterdam Pharma, a study was conducted to evaluate the usage of obicetrapib to manage blood cholesterol level.
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Low-Sodium Salt Substitutes and Stroke Recurrence
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on July 9th, 2025
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With the increase in the frequency of cardiovascular disorders in developing and recently developed nations, the rate of stroke has also risen. High sodium diet is a risk factor for these conditions, due to its contribution to fluid accumulation that increases blood pressure. A study was conducted with funding from the Chinese government to explore the potential of using a salt substitution in preventing stroke recurrence.
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Semaglutide Found to Lower Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on June 27th, 2025
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Those affected with type 2 diabetes experience an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease. Previous study examining the glycemic control of semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, had found that it also reduced the risk of cardiovascular disease. To fully explore this relationship, Novo Nordisk had sponsored a study to examine the effect of semaglutide on cardiovascular health in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Managing Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension with Sotatercept
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on June 20th, 2025
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Pulmonary arterial hypertension, if left untreated or poorly controlled, can progress to right ventricular failure and ultimately lead to death. While current therapies can slow disease progression, they have not demonstrated a consistent ability to prevent critical outcomes such as hospitalization, lung transplantation, or mortality. To address this unmet need, a study funded by Merck investigated the use of sotatercept as a potential disease-modifying therapy for PAH.
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Lorundrostat Shows Promise in Drug-Resistant Hypertension
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on June 4th, 2025
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Despite the use of multidrug regimens, many patients with hypertension continue to struggle with blood pressure control. Emerging research suggests that aldosterone dysregulation may be a key driver of treatment-resistant hypertension. With funding from Mineralys Therapeutics, a study was conducted to evaluate lorundrostat, an aldosterone synthase inhibitor, for managing blood pressure in this population.
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Lepodisiran, a Small Interfering Therapy Significantly Lowers Lipoprotein(a) Level
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on May 26th, 2025
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Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a key component in the formation of cholesterol-transporting LDL particles. Elevated serum concentrations of Lp(a) have been linked to a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality. In efforts to address this risk factor, Eli Lilly sponsored a study evaluating the effectiveness of lepodisiran, a novel therapy aimed at lowering Lp(a) levels.
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Dapagliflozin Reduces Heart Failure Worsening in Elderly Patients with Severe Aortic Stenosis
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on May 9th, 2025
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Many clinical guidelines in both the United States and Europe recommend the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors for patients with heart failure, regardless of diabetes status. However, individuals with severe valvular heart disease requiring transcatheter aortic-valve implantation have largely been excluded from these studies. To address this gap, a study funded by the Carlos III Health Institute in Spain was conducted to evaluate the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with severe aortic stenosis.
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Reduced-Dose Apixaban Effectively Prevents Venous Thromboembolism in Cancer Patients
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on May 7th, 2025
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Patients with cancer face a significantly higher risk of venous thromboembolism compared to their healthy counterparts. Although many current guidelines recommend continued anticoagulation throughout the duration of cancer, prolonged therapy increases the risk of bleeding complications. To explore an optimal dosing strategy, a study funded by Bristol-Myers Squibb was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of different apixaban dosing regimens in preventing thromboembolism among cancer patients.
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Muvalaplin Effectively Lowers Lipoprotein(a) in Cardiovascular Patients
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on April 25th, 2025
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Lipoprotein(a) is critical for packaging and transporting cholesterol in the bloodstream via low-density lipoproteins. Elevated levels of lipoprotein(a) heighten the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease by promoting plaque buildup. With funding from Eli Lilly, a study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of Muvalaplin in controlling lipoprotein(a) levels.
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Long-Term Tirzepatide Therapy Yields Significant Weight Loss and Cardiometabolic Benefits
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on April 9th, 2025
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Obesity is closely linked to the development of type 2 diabetes, a condition marked by significant beta cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. Weight management—whether through pharmacological interventions or lifestyle changes—has been proven to lower the risk of diabetes. Numerous studies have highlighted the weight loss benefits of tirzepatide, and a study funded by Eli Lilly has explored its potential for treating obesity and preventing diabetes.
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Spironolactone in Post-Myocardial Infarction Cardiovascular Management
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on March 21st, 2025
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The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a critical role in water retention. However, in heart failure patients, excessive fluid buildup can worsen the condition, so blocking this system with spironolactone has proven beneficial. Similarly, eplerenone—a drug closely related to spironolactone—has been effective in patients with myocardial infarction and reduced ejection fraction. Thus, a study funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research was conducted to evaluate the use of spironolactone in managing cardiovascular health after myocardial infarction.
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Managing Chronic Kidney Disease with Empagliflozin
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on March 17th, 2025
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Empagliflozin is a sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor that is commonly prescribed to manage type 2 diabetes. Independent of the glycemic control effect, previous study had found that SGLT 2 inhibitors can alleviate glomerular hypertension and improve renal function. With funding from Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly, a recent study explored the usage of empagliflozin in managing chronic kidney disease.
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Preventing Cardiovascular Death with Colchicine Therapy in Post-Myocardial Infarction Patients
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on March 14th, 2025
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Atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events are linked to a persistent state of increased inflammation. Prior studies have shown that reducing inflammation with canakinumab—an interleukin-1 beta inhibitor—can lower the risk of ischemic events, though this treatment notably raises the risk of infections. Colchicine, which also has anti-inflammatory properties, is being investigated for its potential to prevent cardiovascular incidents, as part of a study sponsored by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.
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Long-Term Efficacy of Tirzepatide in Managing Heart Failure
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on February 24th, 2025
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Obesity increases both the risk and severity of heart failure, as adipocytes contribute to a proinflammatory environment that can further damage cardiac tissues. Research has shown that reducing epicardial adipocyte volume through weight loss can mitigate heart failure risk and improve symptoms. Tirzepatide, a widely used antidiabetic medication that aids in weight control, was investigated in an Eli Lilly–funded study for its potential to manage symptoms in individuals with heart failure.
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Comparing the Efficacy and Bleeding Risk of Abelacimab vs. Rivaroxaban in Atrial Fibrillation
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on February 12th, 2025
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Atrial fibrillation is the most common form of arrhythmia, characterized by abnormal and rapid atrial contractions. This lack of coordination between the heart chambers creates turbulent blood flow, leading to the aggregation of red blood cells into clots. As a result, patients with atrial fibrillation face a fivefold increased risk of stroke. The condition is currently treated with anticoagulants, such as rivaroxaban. A study funded by Anthos Therapeutics was conducted to compare the effectiveness of abelacimab with the current standard regimen in reducing the risk of cardiovascular complications associated with atrial fibrillation.
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Possibility of Using Asundexian, a Factor XI Inhibitor, to Prevent Stroke in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on February 5th, 2025
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The irregular cardiac muscle contractions in patients with atrial fibrillation increase the risk of blood clot formation, which, in turn, raises the likelihood of stroke. While the condition can typically be managed with anticoagulants, individuals at higher risk of bleeding are unable to use this form of treatment, creating a need for alternative therapies. A recent article published in the New England Journal of Medicine explored the use of asundexian, a factor XI inhibitor, to prevent stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation.
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Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Finerenone in Heart Failure with Mildly Reduced Ejection Fraction
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on December 4th, 2024
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Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists are commonly used to treat heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, but their effectiveness in patients with less severe forms of the disease remains unclear. Finerenone is a nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that helps reduce water retention in the body. Bayer funded a study to evaluate the effectiveness of finerenone in managing heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction.
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Comparative Effectiveness of Tirzepatide vs. Semaglutide for Weight Reduction in Obese Adults
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on November 22nd, 2024
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Semaglutide and tirzepatide are two medications widely prescribed for managing type 2 diabetes. Semaglutide works by activating GLP-1 receptors, while tirzepatide targets both GLP-1 and GIP receptors. Both medications help lower cellular glucose absorption and have recently shown potential for weight management. Therefore, a study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of semaglutide and tirzepatide in promoting weight loss.
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Evaluating the Necessity of Long-Term Beta-Blocker Therapy Post-Myocardial Infarction
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on November 20th, 2024
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Beta-blockers are the standard treatment for individuals who have experienced a myocardial infarction; however, this guidance was established before the introduction of myocardial reperfusion techniques and modern pharmacotherapy. Recent large-scale observational studies have not found a clear benefit of long-term beta-blocker use after myocardial infarction. Supported by funding from the French Ministry of Health, a study was initiated to determine the optimal duration for beta-blocker therapy following myocardial infarction.
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Impact of Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitor Discontinuation on Post-Operative Outcomes in Non-Cardiac Surgery
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed & translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on Octber 28th, 2024
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Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors are a widely prescribed class of antihypertensive drugs. It has been suggested that continuing these medications before surgery might lead to complications due to the risk of hypotension, which can result in acute kidney injury. On the other hand, discontinuing the therapy could cause uncontrolled hypertension and complications during surgery. A recent study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association evaluated the risk of post-operative complications associated with the discontinuation of renin-angiotensin system inhibitor therapy before surgery.
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Efficacy of Zodasiran, an ANGPTL3-Targeting siRNA, in Reducing Triglycerides and LDL Cholesterol in Mixed Hyperlipidemia
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed & translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on Octber 25th, 2024
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ANGPTL3 is a protein produced by liver cells that plays a role in regulating lipid metabolism by inhibiting lipoprotein lipase and endothelial lipase. Blocking ANGPTL3 can enhance the removal of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and lower cholesterol levels. Recently, Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals sponsored a study to investigate the potential of zodasiran, a small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting ANGPTL3, as a treatment for managing hyperlipidemia.
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Impact of Adjunctive Argatroban and Eptifibatide on Post-Stroke Outcomes
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Reviewed & translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on Octber 21st, 2024
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Treating ischemic stroke solely with intravenous thrombolytic agents results in approximately 30% recanalization of the occlusion. Argatroban, an arginine derivative, functions as an anticoagulant by binding to thrombin and inhibiting fibrin formation, while eptifibatide reduces platelet aggregation by blocking glycoprotein receptors. To evaluate the potential benefits of adding either argatroban or eptifibatide to standard thrombolytic therapy in reducing ischemic stroke complications, a study was sponsored by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.
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Intravenous Amino Acid Infusion Reduces Acute Kidney Injury Risk in Cardiac Surgery Patients With Cardiopulmonary Bypass
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Reviewed & translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on Octber 9th, 2024
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Renal hypoperfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass surgery can reduce the glomerular filtration rate, leading to acute kidney injury, which is linked to high morbidity and a significantly increased risk of chronic kidney disease and mortality. Previous studies have demonstrated that amino acid infusion may mitigate renal hypoperfusion and improve renal oxygenation. In light of this, the Italian Ministry of Health funded a study to explore the potential benefits of intravenous amino acid infusion during cardiac surgery.
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Impact of Respiratory Syncytial Virus on Cardiovascular Health in Older Adults
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Reviewed & translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on September 20th, 2024
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Previous epidemiological studies have shown that respiratory infections caused by SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza can elevate the risk of acute cardiovascular disease and mortality, particularly in older adults. While respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a frequent cause of seasonal respiratory infections, its impact on cardiovascular health has not been thoroughly investigated. To address this gap, the Centers for Disease Control funded a study to assess the risk of cardiac complications in older adults hospitalized due to RSV infection.
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Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Reteplase Versus Alteplase in Ischemic Stroke
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Reviewed & translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on August 19th, 2024
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Thrombolytic agents like tenecteplase and alteplase are standard treatments for ischemic stroke. Reteplase, another plasminogen activator known for its double-bolus administration, has been approved in many countries for treating myocardial infarction. A study sponsored by China Resources Angde Biotech Pharma compared the effectiveness of reteplase with alteplase in treating ischemic stroke.
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Efficacy of Tenecteplase Administered Between 4.5 and 24 Hours Post-Ischemic Stroke Onset
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Reviewed & translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on August 14th, 2024
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Thrombolytic therapy with plasminogen activators such as alteplase and tenecteplase is recommended within 4.5 hours of ischemic stroke symptom onset. However, many ischemic stroke cases reach the hospital after this window. While alteplase remains highly effective when administered within the first 9 hours, the effectiveness of tenecteplase beyond 4.5 hours is less understood. Therefore, the National Natural Science Foundation of China funded a study to evaluate the efficacy of tenecteplase when administered between 4.5 and 24 hours after ischemic stroke onset.
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Managing Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Aficamten
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed & translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on July 1st, 2024
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Cardiac hypercontractility associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy can obstruct blood flow. While surgical intervention can address this condition, it is often non-ideal due to its invasiveness and limited availability at specialized hospitals. Aficamten, a medication that reduces cardiac contractility by interfering with the actin-myosin cross-bridge, presents a potential alternative treatment. Consequently, a study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of aficamten in managing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
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Preventing acute pancreatitis caused by hypertriglyceridemia with an oligonucleotide targeting APOC-3 protein, Olezarsen
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on June 17th, 2024
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Familial chylomicronemia syndrome increases the risk of acute pancreatitis due to the high level of triglycerides. In the body, chylomicron and VLDL lipoproteins are responsible for trafficking triglycerides, and they possess APOC3 protein to prevent degradation. Olezarsen is an antisense oligonucleotide that can inhibit the expression of APOC3 and promote triglyceride clearance. Therefore, a study was conducted to examine the effect of Olezarsen on the risk of pancreatitis in patients with familial chylomicronemia syndrome.
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Promoting LDL Cholesterol Clearance in Pediatric Patients with Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia with Alirocumab
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on June 14th, 2024
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Statin and other lipid-lowering therapies are frequently used to control the cholesterol-carrying low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) in pediatric patients with familial cholesterolemia. PSCK9 plays an important role in maintaining a high LDL-C level by destroying the cellular receptor that would clear LDL-C from blood. Alirocumab is an antibody that can inhibit PSCK9, and a study was conducted to assess its capability in promoting LDL-C clearance to manage heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia in children.
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Using Andexanet Alfa as an Antidote to Manage Intracranial Hemorrhage Caused by Factor Xa Inhibitors
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on June 3rd, 2024
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To prevent thrombosis, factor Xa inhibitors are usually used. However, the anticoagulant increases the risk of hemorrhage. To prevent this unwanted effect, antagonists for the inhibitor can potentially be used as an antidote. Andexanet alfa is an inactive form of factor Xa that can bind to and neutralize the anticoagulant. A study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of andexanet alfa in preventing mortality and reducing morbidity associated with intracerebral caused by factor Xa inhibitors.
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Managing Hypertriglyceridemia with Olezarsen, an oligonucleotide that neutralize Apoprotein C-III mNRA
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on May 29th, 2024
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Hypertriglyceridemia is associated with severe health outcomes such as acute pancreatitis, and there are currently not many available pharmaceutical interventions. Apoprotein C-III (APOC3) is a naturally producing agent that increases the level of triglycerides in blood by inhibiting lipoprotein lipase and hepatic clearance. Therefore, a new study was conducted to assess the effect of Olezarsen, a oligonucleotide that can neutralize APOC3 mRNA, in managing hypertriglyceridemia.
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Concurrent usage of beta-blocker and other cardiovascular medication in managing health post myocardial infarction
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on May 27th, 2024
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The usage of beta-blockers following a myocardial infarction episode had been reported to reduce the risk of death by 20%. However, the recommendation of beta-blocker usage was issued before the advent of current cardiovascular interventions. Thus, following the recommendation of the Cochrane review, the Swedish Research Council had funded a study to assess the concurrent effect of beta-blocker and other medications on managing cardiovascular health after myocardial infarction.
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Empagliflozin as a Preventive Measure for Heart Failure Post-Myocardial Infarction
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on May 17th, 2024
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It had previously been observed that treatment of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors help improve cardiovascular outcomes of heart failure patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Given the heightened risk of heart failure subsequent to a myocardial infarction episode, a study was initiated to explore the potential of empagliflozin as a preventative measure.
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Semaglutide Treatment Improves Clinical Outcomes in Obese Patients with Heart Failure
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on May 13th, 2024
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The rise in obesity rates has paralleled an increase in the occurrence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is closely linked to both these conditions, and individuals with comorbid heart failure and T2DM experience a greater disease burden and adverse hemodynamics. A recent study aimed to evaluate the potential of Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor antagonist commonly prescribed for T2DM, in the management of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction among obese patients.
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The Efficacy of Plozasiran in Managing Hypertriglyceridemia
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on May 1st, 2024
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Hypertriglyceridemia correlates with an increased likelihood of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver, and acute pancreatitis. The protein APOC3 is implicated in this condition due to its role in impeding the breakdown of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and chylomicrons. Plozasiran, a small-interfering RNA, targets and degrades mRNA encoding the APOC3 protein. Consequently, a study was undertaken to evaluate its effectiveness in addressing hypertriglyceridemia.
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Efficacy of Delayed Thrombolytic Tenecteplase Intervention in Ischemic Stroke
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on April 3rd, 2024
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Administering thrombolytic agents like alteplase within 4.5 hours of an ischemic stroke is currently the standard practice. The American Heart Association recommends using tenecteplase, a type of alteplase, for this purpose. However, the efficacy of thrombolytic agent administration after 4.5 hours from the onset of the disease remains poorly understood. Consequently, a study was conducted to evaluate the impact of delayed intervention.
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Effectiveness of Lower-Dose Calcium Supplementation in Preventing Hypertension in Pregnant Women
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on March 8th, 2024
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High blood pressure during pregnancy poses risks to both maternal and fetal health. Since 2011, the World Health Organization has advised calcium supplementation ranging from 1500 mg to 2000 mg to lower the risk of pre-eclampsia. However, the high dosage presents cost constraints and challenges with adherence, particularly in resource-limited settings. Therefore, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation funded a study to evaluate the efficacy of a reduced calcium dose in preventing hypertension during pregnancy.
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Assessing Acoramidis Efficacy in Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on March 6th, 2024
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Transthyretin (TTR) is a crucial transport hormone that functions in a tetramer arrangement. Mutations can lead to the dissociation of the monomer from the tetramer, resulting in its deposition in the myocardium and causing transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy. A study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of Acoramidis, a TTR stabilizer with a high binding affinity, in treating transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy.
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Comparing Apixaban and Aspirin in Managing Ischemic Stroke Risk in Atrial Fibrillation Patients
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed & translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on March 1st, 2024
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Because of the irregular blood flow in individuals with atrial fibrillation, there is an elevated risk of ischemic stroke. Consequently, patients with AFib often receive Vitamin K antagonists and anticoagulants to mitigate the risk of blood clot formation. Earlier research indicated that Apixaban is more effective than aspirin in reducing the incidence of pulmonary embolism and stroke without elevating the risk of hemorrhage. Therefore, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research initiated a study to assess the potential of apixaban in managing the risk of ischemic stroke among patients with atrial fibrillation.
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Evaluating dual antiplatelet therapy of aspirin and clopidogrel in post-ischemic stroke patients
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on February 16th, 2024
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Following a transient ischemic stroke, 10% of patients experience a recurrent stroke within 90 days. Aspirin, known for its antiplatelet properties, is a common management therapy. To explore potential compounding benefits, a study investigated the effectiveness of dual therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel.
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Cardiometabolic benefits and risks of Semaglutide usage in overweight and obese adults without diabetes
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on January 29th, 2024
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Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), is commonly employed in diabetes management owing to its capacity to stimulate insulin production. Prior research has indicated that the use of GLP-1 diminishes the likelihood of cardiovascular events in diabetic patients. A recently published study in the New England Journal of Medicine seeks to evaluate whether the protective effects observed with Semaglutide in diabetes patients extend to overweight and obese individuals without diabetes.
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Patisiran in Transthyretin Amyloidosis: A Promising Intervention for Cardiac Health and Quality of Life
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on November 17th, 2023
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Transthyretin amyloidosis, stemming from the misfolding of the TTR protein, is a potentially lethal condition associated with cardiomyopathy leading to an average survival time of 2 to 6 years. Patisiran, an RNA interference agent, has the capability to bind to the TTR protein, facilitating its clearance. Consequently, a study was undertaken to explore the therapeutic impact of Patisiran on transthyretin amyloidosis.
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Potential usage of the anti-inflammatory effect of Simvastatin in COVID-19 patients
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on November 13th, 2023
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Severe SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with extreme inflammation of the respiratory tract that can be lethal if left unmanaged. Simvastatin is a lipid-lowering medication that exhibits anti-inflammatory effect and has been shown to be beneficial for patients affected with acute respiratory distress syndrome with hyperinflammation. Thus, a study was conducted to assess whether simvastatin can be useful in treating COVID-19.
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Improving Clinical Outcomes in End-Stage Heart Failure and Atrial Fibrillation with Catheter Ablation
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on November 3rd, 2023
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Previous myocardial infarction could have caused cell death that can interfere with the normal circulation of blood. This cardiac dysfunction is referred to as heart failure and the interruption of normal electrical conduction can result in atrial fibrillation. Thus, a study was conducted to examine whether the removal of dead tissue with catheter ablation can help improve the clinical outcome of patients with end-stage heart failure and atrial fibrillation.
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Assessing Edoxaban for Stroke Prevention in patients with Atrial High-Rate Episodes
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on October 18th, 2023
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Oral anticoagulants are commonly used to manage ischemic stroke in atrial fibrillation patients. However, the efficacy of anticoagulants in patients with atrial high-rate episodes (AHREs), a subclinical form of atrial fibrillation, remains uncertain. To address this, the German Center for Cardiovascular Research sponsored a study to investigate the potential benefits of edoxaban in patients with AHREs.
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Semaglutide's Promising Impact on Heart Failure and Obesity
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on October 6th, 2023
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Obesity is a contributing factor in the onset and progression of heart failure, exacerbating its symptoms and diminishing the overall quality of life. Semaglutide, a medication originally approved for diabetes management known to induce substantial weight loss, was the subject of a study aiming to investigate whether it could improve clinical outcomes for obese patients with heart failure.
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Investigating the potential benefits of ferric carboxymaltose supplementation in patients with heart failure
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on October 2nd, 2023
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Prior reports had indicated a link between heart failure and iron deficiency, which can worsen patient prognosis. Consequently, efforts have been made to comprehend the underlying mechanism of this connection. Nevertheless, there exists limited agreement on the practical advantages of administering iron supplements. Hence, a study was undertaken to shed more light on the impact of ferric carboxymaltose supplementation on the well-being of individuals with heart failure.
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Improving the cardiovascular well-being of individuals with HIV through the application of pitavastatin
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Reviewed by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A
Translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM. |
Posted on September 22nd, 2023
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Pitavastatin is used to reduce cholesterol and triglyceride levels in blood, and it can promote cardiovascular health by enhancing the synthesis of good cholesterol (HDL). Individuals living chronic HIV infection had a higher risk of cardiovascular disease; the actual nature of this association is not known. Thus, researchers conducted a study to examine the possibility of using pitavastatin to prevent cardiovascular disease in patients with HIV infection.
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NI006, a novel monoclonal antibody to treat transthyretin amyloidosis
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on September 04th, 2023
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Transthyretin is used as a transporter to traffick thyroxine and retinol to the liver via the blood and cerebrospinal fluid. However, when misfolded, transthyretin can deposit in the myocardium which causes stiffness. As more transthyretin accumulates, the amyloidosis can impair diastolic function which can lead to arrhythmia and fatal systolic dysfunction. Currently, Tafamidis is the only approved treatment for transthyretin amyloidosis that can effectively reduce the morbidity; however, Tafamidis does not prevent disease progression. A study had been conducted to investigate the possibility of using a novel agent called NI006 to treat transthyretin amyloidosis.
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Using novel RNA interference agent, Zilebesiran, to treat hypertension
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed & translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on August 30th, 2023
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Angiotensinogen, as a precursor of angiotensin, plays a key role in the pathophysiology of hypertension. Zilebesiran is a novel RNA interference agent that can bind to hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptors and inhibits synthesis of angiotensinogen in the liver. A study was sponsored by Alnylam Pharmaceuticals to assess the effectiveness and safety of Zilebesiran as a treatment for hypertension.
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Possibility of using tranexamic acid to reduce the risk of death due to hemorrhage
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed & by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by Nhi Phuong Quynh Le, B.A |
Posted on August 14th, 2023
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Following traumatic accidents, excessive loss of blood can lead to tissue damage and hemorrhagic shock. Thus, it is possible that preventing this blood loss before hospital admission can decrease the risk of death. Tranexamic acid is an antifibrinolytic agent that has been widely used to control hemorrhage. A study was conducted to assess the effect of prehospital tranexamic acid in preventing death after trauma.
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Early versus late initiation of anticoagulation to prevent stroke in patients with atrial fibrilation
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed & by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by An Thien Duc Le |
Posted on July 26th, 2023
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It had been previously demonstrated that the usage of anticoagulants reduces the likelihood of ischemic stroke and systemic embolism in those who are experiencing atrial fibrillation. But there is currently no consensus on the timing of anticoagulant initiation. Late initiation can increase the risk of ischemic events, and early initiation can increase the risk of hemorrhage. Thus, a study was conducted to compare the effectiveness and safety between early and late initiation of anticoagulants.
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Using the anti-inflammatory effect of dexamethasone to treat chronic subdural hematoma instead of burr-hole craniostomy
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Reviewed by translated by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on July 17th, 2023
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Over the past decades, the prevalence of chronic subdural hematoma has been increasing in many developed nations. This can be explained by the aging of the population and the usage of anticoagulants to treat cardiovascular conditions. Burr-hole craniostomy is needed to drain the hematoma; this is an effective procedure but there is an increased risk of death. It is hypothesized that the inflammatory reaction exacerbates the hematoma by accumulating liquid and increasing clotting incidence. Thus, a study was conducted to investigate the potential usage of dexamethasone in treating chronic subdural hematoma.
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Using sotatercept to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by An Duc Thien Le |
Posted on May 17th, 2023
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The excessive proliferation of smooth muscle and endothelial cells around the pulmonary artery can narrow its diameter and lead to hypertension. Recent studies have found that the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) plays an important role in this proliferation. Sotatercept is a fusion protein containing the binding portion of the ActRIIA receptor that can bind to TGF-β. Thus, the pharmaceutical company MSD had sponsored a study to investigate the effect of Sotatercept in treating pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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Managing blood cholesterol level in statin-intolerant patients with bempedoic acid
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
Translated by An Duc Thien Le |
Posted on May 1st, 2023
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Statin is activated by the peripheral tissue so its usage is associated with many adverse effects to the skeletal muscle. Bempedoic acid is metabolized in the liver; thus, the agent has less negative impact. Thus, Esperion Therapeutics had funded a study to investigate the effectiveness of bempedoic acid in managing hypercholesterolemia.
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The efficacy and safety of baxdrostat in treating hypertension
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on April 24th, 2023
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Aldosterone can increase the rate of sodium reabsorption and water retention; thus, it can enhance risk of hypertension. Thus, in order to manage the condition, aldosterone synthase has been an ideal pharmaceutical target. CinCor Pharma had funded a study to examine the effect of baxdrostat, a highly selective aldosterone synthase inhibitor, on managing hypertension.
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The effect of empagliflozin on the gut microbiome and cardiovascular health
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on December 7th, 2022
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Metformin is recommended as the first-line antihyperglycemic agent in most clinical guidelines, including the one published by the World Health Organization. In the United States, empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), is recommended by the Food and Drug Administration due to its cardiovascular benefit. A recently published study had investigated the health effect between patients metformin and empagliflozin.
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The potential usage of small interfering RNA agent, Olparisan, in treating elevated lipoprotein(a)
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on November 30th, 2022
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Previous studies had reported on the causal relationship between elevated lipoprotein(a) - LP(a) - level and diseases such as atherosclerosis & calcific valvular aortic stenosis. However, there is currently no therapeutic agent approved to lower lipoprotein(a) concentration. LP(a) concentration is dependent on the expression of the LPA gene, and Olpasiran is a small interfering RNA (siRNA) that can interfere with its LPA transcription. Results from a study investigating the effect of Olpasiran on LP(a) level had recently been published.
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Cardiovascular effect of lowering triglyceride level with pemafibrate
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on November 25th, 2022
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Increased blood triglyceride level is correlated with a higher risk of cardiovascular accidents such as myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. However, it is unclear if lowering its concentration can improve the patients’ clinical prognosis. A study, recently published in the New England Journal of Medicine, had reported on the cardiovascular effect of lowering blood triglyceride level.
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Potassium & magnesium supplementation therapy in treating atrial fibrillation and flutter
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on November 9th, 2022
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Low level of magnesium and potassium leads to an overabundance of calcium; this electrolyte overload can prolong the duration of the action potential phase and trigger afterdepolarization too early. Previous studies had reported that off-scheduled depolarization can lead to the development of atrial fibrillation (AF). Thus, it is possible that supplementation of magnesium and potassium can restore electrolyte balance and prevent AF; however, there is currently no clinical guideline supporting or discouraging this therapy. A recent study had reported on the possibility of using potassium and magnesium to induce spontaneous conversion to sinus rhythm in patients that have atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter (AFL).
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Using acetazolamide to treat acute decompensated heart failure
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on October 14th, 2022
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Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that can act on the proximal tubule to induce sodium reabsorption. Thus, the agent can increase diuretic efficiency and reduce fluid accumulation. An article recently published in the New England Journal of Medicine had reported on the efficacy of acetazolamide in patients with acute decompensated heart failure with volume overload.
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Comparing the effectiveness of rivaroxaban and vitamin K antagonists in preventing cardiovascular accidents
Topic: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on September 21st, 2022
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Vitamin K antagonists are usually prescribed to prevent stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation; however, the treatment requires frequent blood draw for dose adjustment. Previous study had shown that factor Xa inhibitors such as rivaroxaban are as effective at preventing stroke, but very little is known about the effect of rivaroxaban on rheumatic heart disease–associated atrial fibrillation. A recent study had reported their findings on the comparison between the two agents on treating the condition.
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Cardiovascular adverse events associated with the 4 types of COVID-19 vaccines
TOPIC: CARDIOLOGY, COVID-19
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on August 24th, 2022
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According to the VigiBase pharmacovigilance database created by the World Health Organization, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, and stroke are frequently reported after COVID-19 vaccination. Using data from the French National Health Data System, a recent publication on the Annals of Internal Medicine reports the association between COVID-19 vaccination and severe cardiovascular events
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COVID-19 is associated with higher risk of venous thromboembolism
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on August 19th, 2022
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Despite SARS-CoV-2 having been cleared from the body, the body still suffers from many dysfunction to the respiratory, neurological, and endocrinology function. Due to the heightened state of inflammation in response to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the body’s physiological function is thrown into disarray. A recent study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association reported that COVID-19 is associated with higher risk of venous thromboembolism.
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Adding ezetimibe to a medium-intensity statin regimen enhance tolerance while keeping preventative benefit
TOPIC: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on August 15th, 2022
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The risk of stroke in women with a history of endometriosis
TOPIC: OBGYN, CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on July 27th, 2022
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The Nurse Health Study is a large longitudinal study funded by the National Institute of Health. This decades-long project has provided much insightful epidemiological knowledge about women’s health. Recently, the project was published in the American Heart Association journal reporting that women with a history of endometriosis have an elevated risk of stroke.
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The potential harmful effects of rosuvastatin on kidney function
TOPIC: CARDIOLOGY
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Reviewed by Dat Tien Nguyen, B.A, ScM.
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Posted on July 22nd, 2022
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Rosuvastatin and Atorvastatin are hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibiting agents. These medications are frequently prescribed to treat hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, and to prevent cardiovascular disease. A recent multicenter study by Dr. Jung-Im Shin, MD, PhD and colleagues found that Rosuvastatin has a higher risk of kidney damage than Atorvastatin.
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